Unit 1

TITTLE: 
GROWING UP (CRECIENDO)

TOPICS:
1. SIMPLE PAST (REVIEW)
2. PAST TIME EXPRESSIONS
3. EXPRESSIONS "ALL", "MOST", "A LOT OF", "A FEW".
4. VOCABULARY: SCHOOL SUBJECTS

1.SIMPLE PAST (REVIEW)

Let's review this topic thay we already studied  in level 3:  simple past tense here
REMEMBER THAT the Simple Past expresses the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

HOW TO MAKE SENTENCES IN AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE and INTERROGATIVE FORMS?
  1. AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES (We have to add the ED ending to regular verbs, if the verb is irregular, it changes)
    1. I liked the movie last night.
    2. He pronounced the words well.
    3. You noticed Julia's new dress.
    4. You missed me last week.
    5. They arrived this morning.
    6. She used the correct word.
    7. We waited for you after class.
    8. She invited him to her party.
    9. I expected to see her yestErday.
    10. They received a letter this morning.
  2. NEGATIVE SENTENCES (we don't add ED to the verb, but we have to use the auxiliary DID and the word NOT)
    1. I didn't like the movie last night.
    2. He didn't pronounce the words well.
    3. You didn't notice Julia's new dress.
    4. You didn't miss me last week.
    5. They didn't arrive this morning.
    6. She didn't use the correct word.
    7. We didn't wait for you after class.
    8. She didn't invite him to her party.
    9. I didn't expect to see her yesterday.
    10. They didn't receive a letter this morning.
    Noten que la forma negativa debe llevar el AUXILIAR + LA NEGACIÓN ´EL VERBO (SIN "ED")
  3. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES (we don't add ED to the verb, but we have to use the auxiliary DID)
    1. Did I like the movie last night?
    2. Did he pronounce the words well?
    3. Did you notice Julia's new dress?
    4. Did you miss me last week?
    5. Did they arrive this morning?
    6. Did she use the correct word?
    7. Did we wait for you after class?
    8. Did she invite him to her party?
    1. Did I expect to see her yesterday?
    2. Did they receive a letter this morning?
    • Noten que en oraciones interrogativas (YES/NO questions) primero va el AUXILIAR+ SUJETO+ VERBO (sin terminación "ED").

  • In this chart we can find more examples about SIMPLE PAST TENSE and the different types of sentences:
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Pasado Simple
AFFIRMATIVE
Afirmativo		INTERROGATIVE
Interrogativo		NEGATIVE
Negativo
I played
Yo jugué		Did I play?
¿Jugué yo?		I did not play
Yo no jugué
You played
Tú jugaste		Did You play?
¿Jugaste tú?		You did not play
Tú no jugaste
He played
El jugó		Did He play?
¿Jugó él?		He did not play
El no jugó
She played
Ella jugó		Did She play?
¿Jugó ella?		She did not play
Ella jugó
It played
Ello jugó		Did It play?
¿Jugó ello?		It did not play
Ello no jugo
We played
Nosotros jugamos		Did We play?
¿Jugamos nosotros?		We did not play
Nosotros no jugamos
You played
Ustedes jugaron		Did You play?
¿Jugaron ustedes?		You did not play
Ustedes no jugaron
They played
Ellos/Ellas jugaron		Did They play?
¿Jugaron ellos/ellas?		They did not play
Ellos/Ellas no jugaron
  • Notice that in affirmative sentences:
    Con verbos regulares Se añade al verbo la letra "d" o "ed"
    Infinitivo              Love                 (Amar)
    Tiempo pasado    Loved              (Amaba)

    Con verbos irregulares Se cambia a su forma de tiempo pasado
    Infinitivo               Drink                    (Beber)
    Tiempo pasado     Drank                   (Bebió)


  • In negative and interrogative sentences se usa el auxiliar DID y el verbo vuelve a su forma SIMPLE (INFINITIVO).

  • Con verbos regulares:
  • Forma afirmativa                    She loved             (Ella amó)
    Forma negativa                       She did not love   (Ella no amó)
  • Con verbos irregulares
    Forma afirmativa                     She drank             (Ella bebió)
    Forma negativa                        She didn't drink?   (Ella no bebió)

  • Con verbos regulares:
    Forma afirmativa                    She loved             (Ella amó)
    Forma interrogativa                Did she love?       (¿Amó Ella?)

    Con verbos irregulares
    Forma afirmativa                     She drank             (Ella bebió)
    Forma interrogativa                 Did She drink?     (¿Bebió Ella?
SONGS :)
I also let you these three songs where you can listen to the pronunciation of some REGULAR and IRREGULAR PAST TENSE VERBS.
YOU'RE BEAUTIFUL (JAMES BLUNT)

YELLOW (COLD PLAY)


BECAUSE YOU LOVED ME (CELINE DIONE)
2. SIMPLE PAST TIME EXPRESSIONS

En ingles, al igual que en cualquier otro idioma existen unas expresiones para referirse al tiempo en que están sucediendo las cosas. Veamos algunas expresiones que utilizamos para hablar de eventos en tiempo pasado:
PAST TIME EXPRESSIONS - VOCABULARY
ENGLISH
SPANISH
ENGLISH
SPANISH
YESTERDAY
Ayer
TWO MONTHS AGO
Hace 2 meses
YESTERDAY MORNING
Ayer en la mañana
FOUR DAYS AGO
Hace 4 dias
YESTERDAY AFTERNOON
Ayer en la tarde
A YEARS AGO
Hace un año
YESTERDAY EVENING
Ayer en la noche
THREE WEEKS AGO
Hace tres semanas
LAST NIGHT
Anoche
TWO MONTHS AGO
Hace 2 meses
LAST YEAR
El año pasado
IN (YEARS).  In 1990
En 1990
LAST MONTH
El mes pasado
ON (DAY). On Tuesday
El Martes
LAST WEEK
La semana pasada
AT (hour). At 7:00am
A las 7:00am
LAST FRIDAY
El viernes pasado
At 2:30 pm
A las 2:30 pm

KEEP IN MIND THAT: A diferencia del idioma Español, en Ingles, las expresiones de tiempo definidas se utilizan en un lugar específico dentro de la oración: AL FINAL (o al inicio para hacer énfasis, pero nunca entre los demás componentes gramaticales de la oración)
Let's see some examples:


3. EXPRESSIONS "ALL", "MOST", "A LOT OF", "A FEW".


 ALL:                  Todos
MOST:               La mayoria
A LOT OF:         Much@s
A FEW:              Un@s poc@s
NO:                    Ningun@
NONE OF:         Ningun@

 Notice that we use GENERAL DETERMINERS to refer to a general group of items or people or animal, etc.
All (children, people, dogs, pets,chinese, colombian, friends)  Do you see??  General-Plural
And we use SPECIFIC DETERMINERS to refer to a small a nd specific grupo of items, people, animals, etc.
ALL OF  (my friends, his relatives, the children in this school) Do you see?? Specific

Let's see how to use "determiners" in an Example:




4. VOCABULARY: SCHOOL SUBJECTS


SCHOOL SUBJECTS- VOCABULARY
ENGLISH
SPANISH
ENGLISH
SPANISH
MUSIC
Musica
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Educación física
Choir
Coro
Gymnastics
Gimnasia
Band
Banda
Track
Pistas
Orchestra
Orquesta
Dance
Baile




MATHEMATICS
Matematicas
SCIENCE
Ciencias
Geometry
Geometría
Chemistry
Química
Algebra
Algebra
Physics
Física
Calculus
Calculo
Biology
Biología




SOCIAL STUDIES
Sociales
LITERATURE
Literature
History
Historia
ART
Arte
Geography
geografía
DRAMA
Drama- teatro
economics
economía
COMPUTER STUDIES
computadores



SOME QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT SCHOOL SUBJECTS.

what's your favorite school subject now?
My favorite school subject is Maths

What was your favorite school subject in school?
In school, I loved Physical Education

Did you like Geography?
Not much, It was a little bit boring

What did you usually do in Music classes?
In Music classes we studied  how to play the guitar and the piano

What do you think about Art teacher?
I think she is great. She is very creative and fun

Do you like English class?
Yes, I do. They are really interesting

Look at this interview
EXERCISE:  Add these missing sentences to the interview with Jennifer. 

1. I have idea now why we did that!
2.  I was always happy to get home, though.
3.  I tried my best to look different.
4.  I hardly ever listened to the radio.
5.  And you're always trying to fit in.


BYE..SEE YOU IN THE NEXT UNIT 


No hay comentarios:

Publicar un comentario

Suscribirse a: Entradas (Atom)